Lathe headstock



March 12, 1940. w, F, GROENE r AL 2,193,279

. LATHE HEADSTOCK Filed Nov. 12, 193'? e sheets-sheet 1 Flel INVENTORS.

wmum EGROENE HARRY C.KEMPER AN HOWARD E.DARBT MATTORNEY.

Maxch 12, 1940. w. F. GROENE ET AL 2,193,279

LATHE HEADSTOCK Filed Nov. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 wuum F. GROENE HARRY ELKEMPER m owmzn EDRRBT WAfiORNEY.

March 12, 1940. w, GROENE r AL 2,193,279

LATHE HEADSTOCK Filed NOV. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 |=1 INVENTORS.

wmum EGROENE HARRY c. KEMPER m Howm: EDARBT $3 MATTORNEY.

March 12, 1940. w, GROENE AL 2,193,279

LATHE HEADSTOCK Filed NOV. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS. WILLIAM F- GROENE HARR C. KEMFER AND HQWA D EDARBT M ATTORNEY.

FIGJY March 12, 1940. w, GRQENE ET 2,193,279

LATHE nmnswocx Filed Nov. 12, 193'! s sheets-sheet 5 INVENTORS. WHJJAM EGROENE HBRR .KE-MPER AND HOWE D EDARBT March 12, 1940. w, F, G'ROENE ET AL 2,193,279

LATHE HEADSTOCK Filed Nov. 12, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 HARRY c. KEMPER m HOW nan EmRs WATTORNEY.

Eli

Fri)

Patented Mar. 12, 1940 omrso this v 2.19am

ram mans-roan Application November 12, 1937:, Serial No. Hdfilfi 13 Claims.

This invention pertains to lathe headstocks and more particularly to the change speed transmission mechanism in the headstock and the means for effecting the various speed changes.

One'object of this invention is to provide in a lathe headstock transmission a pair of shiftable compound gears which may be actuated to provide low-back-gear and high-back-gear speeds with standard threads and feeds, high speed with line threads and feeds, and low-back-gear speed with coarse threads for relieving.

Another object is to provide in a lathe a single lever for actuating the transmission whereby low-back-gear and high-back-gear speeds with standard threads and feeds, high speed with fine threads and feeds, and low-back-gear speed with coarse threads for relieving, may be quickly aflected.

A still further object is to provide in a lathe having a series of speed changes, a plurality of levers which may be positioned while the lathe is in operation whereby a speed change may be preselected without stopping the operation of the lathe. h

And still another object is to provide in a lathe transmission having a series of primary speed changes and a series of back-gear speed changes, a pair of control levers, one for each series of speed changes, for preselecting speed changes for one or both of said series.

Further features and advantages of our invention will be set forth in the following description' of the drawings in which:

Figure I is a front elevation of the exterior of a headstock incorporating the features of our invention.

Figure II is a diagrammatic section through the transmission gearing incorporated in the headstock on the line IIII of Figures III and IV.

Figure III is a vertical transverse section through the headstock on the line III-III of Figures I, II, V and VI.

Figure IV is a vertical transverse section through the headstock on the line IVIV of Figures I, II, V and VI.

Figure V is a plan view of the headstock with the top cover removed.

Figure VI is a vertical longitudinal section through the headstock on the line VI-VI of Figures In, IVand V.

Referring particularly to Figures II, III and IV, power for driving the headstock transmission is derived from the usual electric motor which is connected to the driving pulley I by suitable V- belts which operate in the grooves 2 in the pulley.

The driving pulley i is fixed on the shaft 3 which is journaled on the bearing 3 and through the bevel gear 5 on the bearing 8 carried in the bracket i bolted to the rear of the headstock housing t by suitable screws 9. The bevel gear 5 engages and drives the bevel gear it fixed on the clutch shaft ii journaled on bearings 52 and it carried in the headstock housing 53. Adjacent the hearing it? is rotatably mounted on the shaft ii, a 33-tooth gear it which drives a Bid-tooth gear it through an idler gear (not shown), the gear I 5 being fixed on a shaft it journaled on bearings ill and it carried in the headstock housing 33. Adjacent the hearing it is rotatably mounted on a 36-tooth gear I 9 which drives a 36- 'tooth gear 28 fixed on the shaft it. Multiple disc clutches 2i and 22 are provided on shaft ii for alternately causing one or the other of the respective gears it and it! to be driven by the shaft [Ii whereby the shaft it through the gearing described, may be rotated in one direction or the other. A multiple disc brake 23 is also provided on the shaft Ii for arresting rotation of the shaft it when both of the clutches 2i and 22 are rendered inoperative.

On the shaft is is also fixed a 29-tooth gear 2B and a 33-tooth gear 25. On a splined shaft 28 journaled in bearings 21 and 28 carried in the headstock housing 8 is slidably mounted a cluster gear 29 comprising a 39-tooth gear 30, a 46-tooth gear 39, and a 32-tooth gear 32 which gears may be selectively engaged with the respective gears 20, 2t and whereby the shaft 26 may be rotated at three different speeds by the shaft it.

Also slidably mounted on the splined shaft 28 is a cluster gear 33 comprising an 18-tooth gear 3d, a 36-tooth gear 35, and a 27-tooth gear 36, which gears may be selectively engaged with the respective 50-tooth gear M, the 32-tooth gear 38, and the ll-tooth gear 39 fixed on the shaft 4d journaled in the bearings 4i and 42 carried in the headstock housing 8. Thus three different speed changes may be had between shaft 26 and shaft 40 or a total of nine speed changes may be effected between shaft I6 and shaft 40 by properly shifting the cluster gears 29 and 33, these speed changes being the nine primary speed changes of the headstock transmission.

The shaft 40 is coupled to the coaxial shaft 48 by the wide-faced 48-tooth-gear 44, the shaft 43 being journaled in bearings 45 and 46 carried in the headstock housing 8 and having a wide-faced 15-tooth pinion 41 formed integral therewith. Slidably mounted on a splined shaft 48 journaled in bearings 49 and 50 carried in the headstock -with the 60-tooth gear 54 and the IDS-tooth gear- 55 fixed on the lathe spindle 55 which is iournaled in bearings 51, 55 and 59 in the headstock housing 8. The compound gear 5| may also be moved to a neutral position, as shown in Figure II, where neither of its gears 52 and 53 engage the gears 54 and 55 on the lathe spindle 55. The gear 52 is at all times engaged with the pinion 41 on the shaft 43. When the gears 53' and 55 are engaged the spindle 55 is driven at low-back-gear speeds and when the gears 52 and 54 are engaged the spindle is driven at high-back-gear speeds.

slidably mounted on a splined shaft 55 journaledin bearings 5| and 52 carried in the headstock housing 8 is a compound gear 53 comprising the 42-tooth gear 54 and the 20-tooth pinion 55. On the spindle 55 is fixed a double gear 55 having a wide faced 34-tooth gear 51 and a narrow faced 34-tooth gear 58. When the compound gear 53 is shifted to the position shown in Figure II, the gear 54 is engaged with the gear 44 and the gear 51, as best seen in Figure IV, whereby the spindle is drivenat high speed from the shaft at which time the compound gear 5| is moved to neutral position rendering the low and high back gear drive inoperativ When the spindle 55 is being driven at high speed from shaft 45 through the gears 44, 54 and 51 it is desired to provide reduced rate of feed to the cutting tool. This is done by connecting the 20-tooth pinion 55 to the large -tooth gear 59 fixed on the feed reverse shaft 15, power from this shaft being transmitted through reversing gearing comprising the gears II, I2 and I3, and I4, and I5 to a feed box I5 mounted on the front oi the lathe headstock 8 in a manner set forth in application Serial Number 84,500 filed June '10, 1936.

When it is desired to operate the lathe at very slow spindle speeds and with a coarse feed to the cutting tool aswhen it is to be used for coarse threading or relieving hobs, taps, etc., the compound backgear 5| is shifted so that its pinion 53 is in mesh with the gear 55 on the spindle and the compound gear 53 is shifted so that its gear 54 is disengaged from the gear 51 but remains engaged with gear 44 on the'shaft 45-so that the spindle is rotated at' low back gear speeds for coarse threading and relieving. In order to provide the coarse feed rate drive to the shaft I5 the gear 55 is also maintained in contact with the gear 59 as was done in the case of the fine feed with high spindle speeds described'above. Since the drive from shaft 45 to shaft I5 is the same in both instances the provision of the coarse feed in the latter instance is accomplished by cutting the speed of rotation of the spindle relative to shaft 45 by utilizing the back'gears 53 and 55 and disconnecting the high speed driving gears .54 and 51.

When it is desired to operate the lathe in low back gear or high back gear speeds with regular rates of feed for the cutting tool as in normal lathe turning operations, the compound back gear 5| is shifted so either gears 53 and 55 or gears 52' whereby the shaft I5 and the spindle 55 rotate in synchronism, the gear 55 being disengaged from the gear 59.

It will thus be seen that" in this headstock transmission there are four elements to be actuated to obtain the various functions from the transmission; These elements comprise the cluster gears 25 and 33 which may be actuated by a control lever 18 and the compound gears 5| and 53 which may be actuated by the control lever I9, these levers being conveniently located at the front of the headstock housing 5 and having mechanism associated therewith for moving the various elements in proper sequence.

The lever I8 is fixed on a rock shaft 55 which is slidably mounted'in bearings 5| and 52 in the headstock housing 8. On the shaft are fixed operating cams 83 and 84 each having the respec the peripheral cam surfaces 55 and 85. On a pivot shaft 51 fixed in the headstock housing 8 is pivotally mounted a bell crank 88 one of its arms 59 being forked, as best shown in Figure VI,

upon the ends of which are mounted rollers and 9| which are located on diametrically opposite sides of the shaft 85 and adapted to be engaged by the peripheral cam surfaces 85 when the lever I8 is swung to clockwise position, Figure I and which rollers 95 and 9| are relieved from engagement from said cam surfaces when the lever I8 is swung tocounterclockwise position, whereby the lever I8 may be pulled in and out to axially move the shaft-.85 for presenting the various cam surfaces 85 to the rollers 95 and 9|. By this arrangement the arm 89 may be swlmg upward and downward different amounts depending upon the axial position of the shaft 85. The other downwardly extending arm 92 of the bell crank 88 is connected to a shifter rod 95 which carries a yoke 94 which engages the cluster gear 29 whereby manipulation of the lever I8 causes shifting of this cluster gear by the cam'53 as described. Suitable detent mechanism 95 associated with the shifter rod 95 maintains the cluster gear and its associated bell crank lever in agy selected position set up by the actuating cam 8 In a similar manner the cluster gear 55 is actuated by the cam 84 actuating the rollers 95 and 91 on the arm 98 of the bell crank lever 99 pivotally mounted on, the shaft 8! and having a downwardly extending arm I55 connected to the shifter rod I5I which carries a yoke I52 engaging the compound gear 33. Detent mechanism I53 is also associated with the shifter rod I5| as for the rod 95. V The cams 83 and 84 are so arranged as to simultaneously actuate the cluster gears 29 and 35 in proper sequence for the various selected positions of the lever I8. A series of arcuate slots I54, provided in a bracket I55 fixed on the front of the headstock 8 by screws I55 serve to axially position the shaft 85 and its lever I5 when the lever is swung to clockwise position whereupon the locating lug I55A formed on the lever I5 has entered one of the slots I54. An index plate III is also associated with the locating slots to indicate the various speeds selected and is interrelated with positions of lever 19.

In eifecting speed changes the lever I5 is swung to counterclockwise position and moved in and out to the desired slot I54 as shown by the index plate I5I thus preselecting the next speed change to be made. During this movement of the lever 18 the speed change then in operation is not affected and continues to operate until the lever lit":

gaging the cluster gear 63.

18, at its newly selected position, is swung clockwise to rapidly put the newly preselected speed change in operavic'n. Thus no timeis lost in making selection \Sspced changes since the next desired speed change-may be preselected while the lathe is still operating in thespeed then in operation. It will also be noted that all of the primary speed changes in the headstock transmission may be affected by a single lever control.

The lever 19 for selecting the low-back-gear, high back gear, high speeding, and coarse thread= ing and relieving speeds is arranged similarly to that of lever I8 described above. The lever 19 effects movements of the compound gears SI and 83, the lever iii being fixed on a rock shaft I08 which is slidably mounted in bearings I09 and IIII in the headstock housing 8. On the shaft I08 are fixed operating cams III and M2 each having the respective peripheral cam surfaces Md and II I. On a pivot shaft H5 fixed in the headstock housing 8 is pivotally mounted a bell crank lever IId, one of its arms II'I being forked, as best shown in-Figure VI, having rollers lid and H9 on the forked ends which may be engaged by the peripheral cam surfaces IIS when lever I9 is swung to clockwise position and which rollers are relieved from engagement from said surfaces when lever I9 is swung to counterclockwise position as in the case of lever It. The other downwardly extending arm IZII of bell crank IIii has a forked yoke IZI engaging in the annular slot I22 formed in the compound gear 5i whereby manipulation of the lever I9 causes shifting of this cluster gear by the cam 833 as described. Detent mechanism I23 is provided in the compound gear III and maintains the cluster gear and its associated bell crank lever in any selected position set up by the actuating cam III.

In a similar manner the cluster gear 6% is actuated by the cam II? actuating the rollers I26 and I25 and the arm I26 of the bell crank lever I2I pivotally mounted on the shaft I I5 and having a downwardly extending arm I28 connected to a shifter rod I29 which carries a yoke I30 en- Detent mechanism IBI is associated with the shifter rod I29 for maintaining the cluster gear 63 and its associated bell crank I21 in shifted positions.

The cams III and iii are so arranged as to i simultaneously actuate the compound gears 5i and 83 in proper sequence for the various se-- lected positions of the lever It. A series of arcuate slots I32, provided in a bracket I33 fixed on the front of the headstock 8 by screws I34 serve to axially position the shaft IIIB and its lever I9 when the lever is swung to clockwise po-' sition whereupon the locating lug I35 formed on the lever It has entered one of the slots I32. An index plate I (It is also associated with the locating slots to indicate the various positions to be selected by the lever I9. In efiecting speed changes the lever I9 is manipulated in the same manner as the lever I8 already described.

Having fully set forth and described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In a lathe headstock transmission, a shaft, means for driving said shaft at a plurality of different speeds, a pinion on said shaft, a second shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said shaft having one of its gears in constant mesh with said pinion, a work spindle, a pair of gears fixed on said spindle adapted to be alternately engaged by said compound gear, a third shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said third shaft, a gear fixed on said first mentioned shaft and a gear fixed on said spindle adapted to engage one of the gears of said compound gear on said third shaft, a feed output shaft, gearing on said output shaft adapted to be connected to said work spindle or said first ment oned shaft by said compound gear mounted on said third shaft, and means for connecting said output shaft to a tool feed carriage of said' of gears fixed on said spindle adapted to be alternately engaged by said compound gear, a third shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said third shaft, a gear fixed on said first mentioned shaft and a gear fixed on said spindle adapted to engage one of the gears of said compound gear on said third shaft, 2. feed output shaft, a pair of gears fixed on said shaft adapted to be engaged by oneor the other of the gears of said compound gear when shifted on said third shaft so as to in one instance connect said output shaft to said work spindle and in the other instance to connect said output shaft to the first mentioned shaft, and means for connecting said output shaft to a tool feed carriage of said lathe.

3. In a lathe headstock transmission, a shaft, means for driving said shaft at a plurality of different speeds, a pinion on said shaft, a second shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said shaft having one of its gears in constant mesh with said pinion, a work spindle, a pair of gears fixed on said spindle adapted to be alternately engaged by said compound gear, a third shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said third shaft, a gear fixed on said first mentioned shaft and a gear fixed on said spindle adapted to engage one gear of said compound gear on said third shaft, a feed output shaft, a pair of gears fixed on said output shaft, a gear fixed on said work spindle, means for sliding said compound gear on said third shaft so as to simultaneously engage its one gear with the gear on said first mentioned shaft and the gear on said work spindle and its other gear with one of the gears on said output shaft, and means for connecting said output shaft to a tool feed carriage of said lathe.

4. In a lathe headstock transmission, a shaft, means for driving said shaft at a plurality of diflerent speeds, a pinion on said shaft, a second shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said shaft having one of its gears in constant mesh with'said p nion, a work spindle, a pair of gears fixed on said spindle adapted to be alternately engaged by said compound gear, a third shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said third shaft, a gear fixed on said first mentioned shaft and a gear fixed on said spindle adapted to engage one gear of said compound gear on said third shaft, a feed output shaft, a pair of gears fixed on said output shaft, 9. gear fixed on said workspindle, means for sliding said compound gear on said third shaft so as to simultaneously engage its one gear with the gear on said first mentioned shaft and the gear on said work spindle and its other gear with one of the gears on said output shaft, said means being also adapted to slide said compound gear on said third shaft to simultaneously engage said one gear with the gear on said first mentioned shaft and its other iii gear with one of the gears on said output shaft, and means for connecting said output shaft to a tool feed carriage of said lathe.

5. In a lathe headstock transmission, a shaft, means for driving said shaft at a plurality of different speeds, a pinion on said shaft, 9. second shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said shaft having one of its gears in constant mesh with said pinion, a work spindle, a pair of gears fixed on said spindle adapted to be alternately engaged by said compound gear, a third shaft, a compound gear slidably mounted on said third shaft, a gear fixed on said first mentioned shaft and a gear fixed on said spindle adapted to engage one gear of said compound gear on said third shaft, a feed output shaft, a, pair of gears fixed on said output shaft, a gear fixed on said work spindle, means for sliding said compound gear on said third shaft so as. to simultaneously engage its one gear with the gear on said first mentioned shaft and the gear on said work spindle and its other gear with one of the gears on said output shaft, said means being also adapted to slide said compound gear on said third shaft to simultaneously engage said one gear with the gear on said first mentioned shaft and its other gear with one of the Scars on said output shaft, and also said means being adapted to slide said compound gear on said third shaft to simultaneously engage said one gear with. the gear on said spindle and the other gear on said output shaft, and means for connecting said output shaft to a tool feed carriage of said lathe.

6. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, a shiftable compound gear on said intermediate shaft interconnecting gears on said drive shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at low and medium speeds from said drive shaft, a second intermediate shaft, a second shiftable compound gear on said second shaft having one of its gears adapted to interconnect gears on said drive shaft and said work spindle in order to rotate said spindle at high speeds, a feed transmission associated with said headstock and means whereby both of the gears of said second compound gear may be alternately connected to said feed transmission.

7. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, a shiftable compound gear on said intermediate shaft interconnecting gears on said drive shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at low and medium speeds from said drive shaft, a second intermediate shaft, a second shiftable compound gear on said second shaft having one of its gears adapted to interconnect.

gears on said drive shaft and said work spindle or to interconnect said spindle with the feed transmission'of said lathe, and means for connecting or disconnecting the other gear of said second compound gear with respect to said feed transmission.

8. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, a

shiftable compound gear having a neutral position on said intermediate shaft interconnecting gears on said drive shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at a plurality of different speeds from said drive shaft, a second intermediateshaft, a second shiftable compound gear on said second shaft having one of its gears adapted to interconnect gears on said drive shaft and said work spindle or to interconnect said spindle with the feed transmission of said lathe,

means for shifting said second compound gear so as to cause its one gear to interconnect said drive shaft and said spindle when said first mentioned compound gear is shifted to its neutral position,-and means to cause said other gear of said second compound gear to be connected to the feed transmission of the lathe when the first mentioned gear of said second compound gear interconnects said drive shaft and said work spindle.

9. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, a shiftable compound gear on said intermediate shaft interconnecting gears on said drive shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at low or high speeds upon being shifted to a neutral position disconnected from said spindle. a second intermediate shaft, a second shiftable compound gear on saidsecond shaft having one of its gears adapted to be connected to said drive shaft and its other gear connected to the feed transmission of the lathe, means for shifting said first mentioned compound gear to effect low spindle speed when said second compound gear is interconnected between said drive shaft and said feed transmission.

10. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, a shiftable compound gear on said intermediate shaft interconnecting gears on said drive shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at low or high speeds by shifting said compound gear, said compound gear being shiftable to a neutral position disconnected from said spindle, a second intermediate shaft, a second shiftable compound gear on said second shaft having one of its gears adapted to interconnect said spindle and the feed transmission of the lathe, and means for shifting said first mentioned compound gear to efiect low or high spindle speeds when said second compound gear is interconnected between said spindle and said feed transmission of the lathe.

11. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, an intermediate shaft, 8. shiftable compound gear on said intermediate shaft for connecting driving power from said drive shaft to said spindle, a second intermediate shaft,

slidably mounted on said intermediate shaft comprising a large gear and a pinion, a pinion on said drive shaft engaging said large gear so said compound gear is at all times rotated by said drive shaft, a pair of gears on said spindle adapted to be engaged by the gear and pinion of said compound gear or to be disengaged therefrom, a second intermediate shaft, a second compound gear slidably mounted on said second intermediate shaft for movement to a series of predetermined positions on said shaft and comprising a large gear and a pinion, a feed transmission associated with said headstock transmission, and means to effect engagement of said large gear of said second compound gear with gears on said drive shaft, said spindle, and the feed transmission of the lathe and to effect engagement of said pinion of said second compound gear with said feed transmission.

13. In a lathe headstock transmission, a drive shaft, a work spindle, change gear mechanism between said shaft and said spindle whereby said spindle may be rotated at low and high speeds, an intermediate shaft, 2. second compound gear slidably mounted on said intermediate shaft for movement to three predetermined positions on said shaft and comprising a large gear and a pinion, a feed transmission associated with said headstock transmission, a power input shaft in said feed transmission, and means for moving said second compound gear so that when in one positionits large gear engages gears on said drive shaft and said work spindle and its pinion engages a gear on said input shaft of the feed transmission; when in a second position its large gear engages a gear on said drive shaft and its pinion engages a gear on said output shaft; and when in a third position its large gear engages gears on said spindle and output shaft while its pinion is inoperative. 

